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Kleros Development Update — December 2025

Kleros Development Update — December 2025

Welcome to the December 2025 development update! This month brought significant achievements including the completion of Court V1 notification expansion with dispute appealed and juror result notifications, the evidence system refactor for Curate V2, Hashi executor integration for VEA, batch prediction functionality for Futarchy, and coordinated security patches across multiple repositories.

December was a productive closing month for 2025, with the team focused on completing notification systems, improving cross-chain infrastructure, and addressing security vulnerabilities across the ecosystem.

Court V2

Contract Development

The V2 contracts continue progressing through the audit phase. The contracts are currently being audited by Certora, and the team is actively collaborating on findings and remediation.

🌐 Experience next-generation decentralized justice! Court V2 continues advancing toward full production deployment.

Atlas

Court V1 Notification Expansion

The Atlas notification system saw major expansion this month with the completion of several Court V1 notification types. The dispute appealed notification system now alerts jurors when cases they've participated in move to the appeal phase, ensuring they stay informed about ongoing case developments.

The juror won/lost notification system was completed, providing jurors with clear information about dispute outcomes including reward details. The implementation includes sophisticated handling of Draw and TokenAndETHShift events, replacing RPC calls with efficient database queries for better performance.

Key improvements:

  • Dispute Appealed Notifications: Full implementation with integration tests for notifying jurors about appealed cases
  • Juror Result Notifications: Complete system for won/lost notifications with reward information
  • Vote Reminder Enhancements: Added error handling for processing failures and improved equality testing for email delivery
  • Email Error Handling: Graceful handling for missing email addresses in stake notifications

Maintainability Improvements

The codebase received several maintainability updates including standardized naming conventions, improved health service configurations, and enhanced error handling for authentication flows.

API Development

Work continues on expanding API capabilities:

  • Votes endpoint development for querying voting history
  • Contract event properties now support case-insensitive filtering
  • Address normalization fix for deployment name resolution
  • Staking events endpoint enhancements for V1 court tracking
  • Seer credits bot integration in progress
  • GTCR bot for Curate interactions under development

Court V1

User Experience Improvements

The Court V1 interface received focused updates to enhance the juror experience:

Chain Switching Dropdown: Users can now switch between supported networks directly from the interface. The implementation restricts switching to production networks only, with clear error messages for failed network switches.

November Juror Rewards: The claim modal was updated to include November 2025 reward distributions, continuing the monthly reward cycle for active jurors.

Realitio Integration: Extended oracle support to Base Sepolia testnet, expanding testing capabilities for Reality.eth integrations.

Reality.eth & SafeSnap

The team issued a fix on the Gnosis Zodiac Safe configuration to restore users' ability to use the Kleros Reality Module with Snapshot. This was required because an outdated library with a non-working RPC was preventing new users from integrating with SafeSnap.

We are continuously improving our notifications system for SafeSnap. As more DAOs are looking forward to integrate with SafeSnap, we are coordinating new tooling deployments to ensure a good UX.

Curate V2

Evidence System Refactor

A major architectural change this month was removing the Evidence Module dependency from the Curate V2 contract. The system now handles evidence submission directly:

  • Contract Updates: CurateV2 and CurateFactory contracts updated to remove evidence module dependency
  • Subgraph Updates: New schema fields for storing requester and challenger evidence directly
  • Frontend Updates: Evidence display and upload components refactored to work with the new system

Frontend Modernization

The CSS migration to Tailwind continues with complex calc expressions being replaced by clamp-based spacing utilities. This improves maintainability and aligns with modern CSS practices.

🕵️ Join the curation revolution! Explore Curate V2 and contribute to decentralized registry curation.

Scout V2

Execution Functionality

Scout received important updates to streamline item management:

Execute Buttons: Added execute submission and execute removal buttons directly in the item details and item list views, streamlining the curation workflow.

🕵️♂️ Explore Scout V2 and contribute to decentralized token curation.

Governor V2

Security Updates

Governor V2 received security patches addressing React vulnerabilities (CVE-55183, CVE-55184). The patches ensure the application remains secure while work continues on syncing changes from the main Kleros V2 repository.

Ongoing Development

Work continues on synchronizing Governor changes from the kleros-v2 repository, ensuring feature parity and consistent behavior across the governance tooling.

Dispute Resolver

The Dispute Resolver interface received focused improvements:

Create Dispute Form Fix: Improved form validation and user feedback when creating disputes.

Simplified MetaEvidence Fetching: The app now uses an API-based approach for fetching metaevidence, improving testnet behavior by respecting RPC limits.

Base Sepolia Support: Added network mapping and updated arbitrable whitelist to support Base Sepolia.

Futarchy UI

Predict All Feature

The Futarchy UI received significant new functionality:

Predict All Feature: Users can now make batch predictions across multiple markets. The implementation includes CSV upload support for bulk predictions, a new prediction flow with step-by-step guidance, and trade executor integration for batch operations.

📊 Predict with precision! Futarchy enables prediction-market-based decision making.

VEA (Cross-Chain Bridge)

Hashi Integration

The VEA cross-chain bridge advanced its Hashi integration:

Hashi Executor: The relayer now includes Hashi executor functionality with comprehensive test coverage. This enables secure message passing through multiple oracle validation.

Snapshot Period Improvements: Bridge route configurations updated for better snapshot period handling across Arbitrum to Ethereum and Arbitrum to Gnosis routes.

Sent Snapshot Handling: Validator CLI now properly handles sent snapshots with improved claim verification and logging.

Bridge with confidence! Experience secure cross-chain messaging with VEA.

Security Updates

React Vulnerabilities (CVE-55183, CVE-55184, CVE-67779)

Critical React and Next.js vulnerabilities were patched across multiple applications in a coordinated effort:

Other Security Updates

Bug Bounty Program

With Hats Finance shutting down, the team is exploring alternative bug bounty and security audit services including HackenProof and Code4Arena to maintain robust security coverage for Kleros products.

Infrastructure & DevOps

Subgraph Migration

With Alchemy shutting down their subgraph services, migration to Goldsky continued:

  • Core and DRT subgraphs deployed to Goldsky environment
  • Deployment workflows updated for the new hosting platform
  • Graph UI authentication changes addressed

Note: Alchemy is migrating their subgraph infrastructure to Goldsky, and Kleros is following this transition path.

Frontend Testing Initiative

A new initiative to implement comprehensive frontend testing was proposed:

  • Court V2 selected as the pilot project
  • Playwright for end-to-end testing
  • Vitest for unit testing
  • Focus on deployment confidence rather than coverage metrics

DNS & Network Stability

  • Resolved DNS issues affecting court.kleros.io access
  • Updated DNS records for improved reliability
  • Workarounds implemented for Metamask issues on Arbitrum Sepolia (Rabby wallet recommended as alternative)
  • Verified no Kleros arbitrables affected by Alchemy RPC deprecation (deadline January 31st)

Escrow V2

Work continues on modernizing the Escrow V2 frontend:

Looking Ahead

January priorities include:

Contract & Deployment

  • Continue Certora audit collaboration and address any findings
  • Progress Court V2 toward production deployment
  • Complete Curate V2 evidence system rollout
  • Advance VEA Hashi integration testing

Product Development

  • Continue Futarchy UI refinements based on user feedback
  • Progress Escrow V2 frontend migration
  • Expand Scout functionality
  • Complete Seer credits and GTCR bot integrations

Infrastructure

  • Complete frontend testing rollout starting with Court V2
  • Finish subgraph migrations to Goldsky
  • Continue security monitoring and patch coordination
  • Evaluate new bug bounty platform options

Get Involved

Want to contribute? Check out our GitHub repositories and join the conversation!

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